Although
@aniwack is correct in saying that you shouldn't glue brake pads part together, I think he has misunderstood the oroblem. The 3 parts are completely separate items that simply clip together. If they come apart during assembly, then either the backing plate is the wrong size, or the clips have distorted. But once in place, the pistons will stop them separating anyway.
The problem is that they are separating when they are put into the caliper. Once separated, you are not going to be able to put them back together without removing the pads. Once together they should stay clipped together.
@Sadlsor - you mentioned those tags on the pad spring and snipped in that photo with them circled, which was useful.
If the tags are bent even slightly from 90 degrees, they may be knocking the thin antisqueal backing plate off as you insert the pads.
A couple of suggestions
Take the pad spring out, and check that it is Ok. If a tag is not at 90 degrees, then fix it. Bent slightly towards the wider strip isn't much of an issue, but if it is bent slightly towards the narrow strip, then it is. Make sure that the spring goes back in the correct way round. (If there is a bit of room for manoeuvre with the pad spring - I don't think that there is - nudged closer to the pistons is to be preferred.
If the caliper isn't mounted, then turn it upside down and make sure that there is room for the inner brake pad to fit behind those tags on the pad spring.
When re-inserting pads, i find it better if the pistons haven't been moved. There is then exactly the right amount of space for the pads to slide in. I sometimes rotate the wheel with the pad pressed against it to guide the pad into position.
I always put the outside pads in first.
I slide the pad assembly (pads, heat shield, backing plate) between the disc/rotor and pistons. If you push the caliper across towards the wheel, there will be no way that the 3 parts can come apart. Ensure the tab end seats in the retainer clip and lift the end with the hole up against the pad spring and lock it into place with a partly inserted pad pin.
Then the same thing for the inner pad, except this time pull the caliper towards you so that the pad assembly is trapped between cliper bracket 'fingers' and the braked disc rotor. You can let the pad slide along the hub of the wheel and then lift up the tab end to get it to seat in the retainer clip. No need to do this blind, you can see what you are doing from the right hand side through the wheel. It helps if the gear is in neutral, so that you can turn the wheel. This also helps to move the pad along. Finally lift the hole end of the pad up against the pad spring and secure it with the pad pin.
Pump out the pistons with the brake pedal. Dont ride off without doing this. If you do, it will give the opportunity for the 3 pieces to vibrate apart again.